Active থেকে Passive Voice: ৫ ধাপে নির্ভুল রূপান্তর

Active Voice-এ কর্তা কাজ করে; Passive Voice-এ কাজটি কর্তার উপর হয়। Rahim writes a letter. → A letter is written by Rahim.

৫ ধাপ

1. Active-এর Object-কে Passive-এর Subject করুন (Pronoun হলে রূপ বদলান: me → I, him → he)।
2. Tense অনুযায়ী be-verb বসান।
3. মূল verb-এর Past Participle (V3) বসান।
4. by + Active-এর Subject (objective form) বসান।
5. অপ্রয়োজনীয় হলে "by…" বাদ দিন: English is spoken all over the world.

Tense অনুযায়ী be-verb

• Present Indefinite: am/is/are + V3 — Letters are written.
• Present Continuous: am/is/are being + V3 — A letter is being written.
• Present Perfect: have/has been + V3 — A letter has been written.
• Past Indefinite: was/were + V3 — A letter was written.
• Future: will be + V3 — A letter will be written.

সতর্কতা

Intransitive verb (যার object নেই) Passive হয় না: He sleeps. — Passive নেই।

অনুশীলনী

1. The teacher punished him.
2. They are building a bridge.
3. She has done the work.

উত্তর: He was punished by the teacher. · A bridge is being built by them. · The work has been done by her.